Nature’s
Last Exam
Trial results · updated as the trials run

How the models score.

Each task asks a model to reconstruct a famous body of measured natural-science knowledge, item by item, from what it has learned: no internet access, one hour, closed answer options. These are the model-level results so far.

Updated 13 October 2026, 01:47 UTC

450tasks in the benchmark
13fields of science
6models on trial
2,500graded trials
01 / The models

Far from full marks.

A reward of 1 means every item was reconstructed exactly. The best model so far, GPT-6.1 Sol, averages 0.66. A trial passes when it scores above 0.95. Haiku 5.5 ran every task three times; its figures pool the three runs, with the range of the runs beneath.

Haiku 5.5

3 runs · 445 of 450 tasks so far
Mean reward
0.48runs 0.48–0.49
Pass rate
2.5%runs 2.2–2.7%
Median
0.46
Per trial
$0.074
reward 0.0–0.1: 22 trials (2%)reward 0.1–0.2: 34 trials (3%)reward 0.2–0.3: 217 trials (16%)reward 0.3–0.4: 263 trials (20%)reward 0.4–0.5: 216 trials (16%)reward 0.5–0.6: 216 trials (16%)reward 0.6–0.7: 141 trials (11%)reward 0.7–0.8: 113 trials (8%)reward 0.8–0.9: 59 trials (4%)reward 0.9–1.0: 54 trials (4%)00.51

Share of trials by reward, bands of 0.1

GPT-6.1 Sol

445 of 450 tasks so far
Mean reward
0.66
Pass rate
9.4%
Median
0.65
Per trial
$0.68
reward 0.0–0.1: 2 trials (0%)reward 0.1–0.2: 0 trials (0%)reward 0.2–0.3: 13 trials (3%)reward 0.3–0.4: 37 trials (8%)reward 0.4–0.5: 66 trials (15%)reward 0.5–0.6: 61 trials (14%)reward 0.6–0.7: 77 trials (17%)reward 0.7–0.8: 64 trials (14%)reward 0.8–0.9: 56 trials (13%)reward 0.9–1.0: 69 trials (16%)00.51

Share of trials by reward, bands of 0.1

GPT-6 Luna

364 of 450 tasks so far
Mean reward
0.46
Pass rate
2.5%
Median
0.42
Per trial
$0.019
reward 0.0–0.1: 3 trials (1%)reward 0.1–0.2: 8 trials (2%)reward 0.2–0.3: 62 trials (17%)reward 0.3–0.4: 91 trials (25%)reward 0.4–0.5: 68 trials (19%)reward 0.5–0.6: 57 trials (16%)reward 0.6–0.7: 31 trials (9%)reward 0.7–0.8: 17 trials (5%)reward 0.8–0.9: 14 trials (4%)reward 0.9–1.0: 13 trials (4%)00.51

Share of trials by reward, bands of 0.1

GPT-5.6 Sol

349 of 450 tasks so far
Mean reward
0.60
Pass rate
5.2%
Median
0.58
Per trial
$1.84
reward 0.0–0.1: 0 trials (0%)reward 0.1–0.2: 2 trials (1%)reward 0.2–0.3: 12 trials (3%)reward 0.3–0.4: 54 trials (15%)reward 0.4–0.5: 56 trials (16%)reward 0.5–0.6: 60 trials (17%)reward 0.6–0.7: 52 trials (15%)reward 0.7–0.8: 41 trials (12%)reward 0.8–0.9: 35 trials (10%)reward 0.9–1.0: 37 trials (11%)00.51

Share of trials by reward, bands of 0.1

Also under way: Sonnet 5.5 (6 graded trials), Opus 5.5 (1 graded trial). A model joins the charts once it has 30 graded trials.

02 / Worked examples

See what the models drew.

Two tasks shown in full: the question, the reference, and every model’s answer laid over it, item by item.

03 / Score and cost

What a better score costs.

Each point is one model: its cost per trial at public list prices, against how often it passes and how well it scores on average. Haiku 5.5’s bars span its lowest to its highest run, in score and in cost. Hover a point for its numbers.

Pass rate against cost

Share of trials scoring above 0.95.

0%5%10%$0.010$0.030$0.10$0.30$1.00$3.00cost per trial, list price (log scale)pass rateGPT-6.1 Sol: 445 trials · $0.68 per trial · mean reward 0.656 · pass rate 9.4%GPT-5.6 Sol: 349 trials · $1.84 per trial · mean reward 0.601 · pass rate 5.2%GPT-6 Luna: 364 trials · $0.019 per trial · mean reward 0.461 · pass rate 2.5%Haiku 5.5: 1335 trials · $0.074 per trial · mean reward 0.484 · pass rate 2.5%GPT-6.1 Sol · 9.4%GPT-5.6 Sol · 5.2%GPT-6 Luna · 2.5%Haiku 5.5 · 2.5% (2.2–2.7)

Mean reward against cost

Average score over all graded trials.

0.000.250.500.751.00$0.010$0.030$0.10$0.30$1.00$3.00cost per trial, list price (log scale)mean rewardGPT-6.1 Sol: 445 trials · $0.68 per trial · mean reward 0.656 · pass rate 9.4%GPT-5.6 Sol: 349 trials · $1.84 per trial · mean reward 0.601 · pass rate 5.2%Haiku 5.5: 1335 trials · $0.074 per trial · mean reward 0.484 · pass rate 2.5%GPT-6 Luna: 364 trials · $0.019 per trial · mean reward 0.461 · pass rate 2.5%GPT-6.1 Sol · 0.66GPT-5.6 Sol · 0.60Haiku 5.5 · 0.48 (0.48–0.49)GPT-6 Luna · 0.46
ModelTrialsMean rewardPass ratePassesPer trialTotal
Haiku 5.513350.4840.483–0.4872.5%2.2%–2.7%33$0.074$99
GPT-6.1 Sol4450.6569.4%42$0.68$301
GPT-6 Luna3640.4612.5%9$0.019$6.82
GPT-5.6 Sol3490.6015.2%18$1.84$641

Costs are estimates from each trial’s token counts at the providers’ public list prices, not amounts billed. Trials that failed for infrastructure reasons, before the model could answer, are excluded and run again.

04 / By field

From the atom to the observable universe.

Mean reward per field. Deeper gold is higher. Hover a cell for the number of trials behind it.

FieldHaiku 5.5GPT-6.1 SolGPT-6 LunaGPT-5.6 Sol
Atoms & molecules21 tasks0.550.730.500.62
Cosmology16 tasks0.400.510.430.51
Earth's deep past45 tasks0.440.600.450.55
Earth structure45 tasks0.420.600.400.50
Galaxies & Milky Way43 tasks0.450.610.420.56
High-energy sky29 tasks0.470.670.520.65
Matter38 tasks0.680.790.560.73
Molecules of life54 tasks0.530.630.480.58
Nuclear33 tasks0.610.820.590.80
Particle27 tasks0.570.820.550.74
Planets & small bodies54 tasks0.350.520.340.47
Stars & Sun39 tasks0.410.650.400.58
Organisms6 tasks0.600.700.580.56
05 / How it is run

The same exam, for every model.

Blind and offline

Every model gets the same task in the same isolated container: no internet, no web search, one CPU, one hour and at most 100 turns. Models run at their highest reasoning setting.

Graded against the record

Each item takes one label from a closed set. An exact answer scores 1, an adjacent bin 0.5, anything else 0. The reward is the plain mean over the items, with no rescaling.

Published in stages

The worked examples are shown in full, question and answers. The other tasks are not published yet; their results appear here only as model-level statistics.